Overview
The kidneys act as the body's filtering system, ridding it of protein waste products, extra minerals, electrolytes and fluid that the body does not need. When the kidneys become damaged and cannot filter out the excess nutrients, these nutrients may build up and become toxic. Your doctor may advise you to limit certain nutrients if you have kidney disease, including potassium, phosphorus, sodium and fluid. If your doctor has told you to limit sodium and potassium, you can still follow a healthy, varied diet.
High- and Low-Potassium Foods
In healthy people, 90 percent of the potassium consumed is eliminated by the kidneys. However, when the kidneys become damaged, you may need to follow a low-potassium diet. Nutrition labels don't need to include potassium information, so you need to know which foods are high in potassium and which are safe. Lower potassium choices include, berries, apples, pineapple, grapes, lemons, limes and peaches. High-potassium foods include potatoes, bananas, apricots, nectarines, oranges, tomatoes, melons, salt substitutes, whole grains, nuts and seed, milk and dairy products, and whole grains.
Leaching Potassium from Vegetables
You can reduce the potassium content of some vegetables by leaching them. To do this, peel and rinse the vegetables, then cut them into 1/2-inch pieces. Put the vegetables in a bowl and cover with warm water. Allow them to soak for at least two hours. Then, drain and rinse the vegetables under warm water and boil for five minutes. After leaching, cook the vegetables as you normally would.
Sodium
Sodium is an electrolyte naturally present in all foods, so you don't need to add salt to foods to meet your body's needs. Sodium chloride, or salt, is commonly added while cooking food, for canning and preserving foods and as an added seasoning at the table. If you have kidney disease, avoid salt to prevent fluid retention and build up. When sodium is listed as one of the first five ingredients, this indicates high sodium content, so choose sodium-free varieties.
Label Reading and Cooking Salt-Free
Simple changes to buying and cooking food can greatly decrease your salt intake. To avoid added salt, do not add salt or sodium-containing seasonings when cooking and instead add lemon juice, vinegar, herbs and natural spices for flavor. Avoid products with visible salt grains, such as crackers, chips and pretzels. Look for low-sodium and sodium-free products and check the labels on all foods for their sodium content. Buy and eat fresh meat, fish, poultry and vegetables that are not processed in sodium. If you use canned foods, always buy those labeled as low-sodium and rinse them before you use them. Fruits tend to be low in sodium, but avoid those that are high in potassium.
source : livestronge.com
Great information. This is really helpful for the people who are suffering this problem
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